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Why the Singapura is the World's Smallest Cat Breed: Everything You Need to Know

A Singapura kitten sitting in a persons hands

Short answer: the Singapura is recognised as the smallest breed of domestic cat. The GCCF gives typical weights of about 6 to 8 lb (roughly 2.7 to 3.6 kg) for males and 5 to 6 lb for females, with full size reached at around two years. It has a short, golden-ivory ticked coat, a soft voice, and a curious, affectionate nature. The small gene pool is its main health concern, so look carefully for a breeder who tests.

How small is "smallest"?

The GCCF describes the Singapura as the smallest breed of domestic cat, with a typical range of 5 to 8 lb, males 6 to 8 lb and females 5 to 6 lb, and little size difference between the sexes. It takes about two years to reach full size, so a young adult may still look delicate. For comparison, our Maine Coon guide covers one of the largest breeds. Small does not mean fragile: this is a lively, athletic cat that jumps and climbs with enthusiasm.

The coat

The Singapura's short, dense, glossy coat is ticked, meaning each hair carries bands of colour, producing a warm golden-ivory look. It needs little grooming, though the GCCF notes these cats enjoy being brushed. See our Singapura grooming guide for a simple routine.

Where does the breed come from?

Purina says the Singapura descends from the brown street cats of Singapore, nicknamed "drain cats" because they lived in city storm sewers, and calls the breed "little lions of love". The modern breed was developed in the United States after Hal and Tommy Meadow imported cats from Singapore. The story of the breed's origins has been discussed and disputed, so take any single account with some caution; what is clear is that the breed has few founder cats.

Personality

  • Affectionate and playful for life. The GCCF describes a lively cat that stays playful throughout its life and loves lap time.
  • Quiet, with a soft voice. A good match if you want a companion that does not shout; for noisier cats, see our Siamese guide.
  • Curious and mischievous. The GCCF says Singapuras like to join in household tasks, and Purina describes them as extroverted and playful. They do not handle loud noises well, so a hectic home with rowdy children may not suit them.
  • People-focused. They do not do well when left alone for long periods, according to the GCCF. They usually get along with other cats, friendly dogs and respectful children.
  • Climbing is a must. The GCCF says they need climbing frames and toys to stay entertained; see our small-space happiness guide.

Health and breeding

The GCCF flags several points that matter to any buyer:

  1. Low genetic diversity. The breed started with few foundation cats. An outcross programme was approved in 2013 to widen the gene pool.
  2. Pyruvate kinase deficiency. The breed can carry PK deficiency, which causes anaemia. A DNA test exists, and buyers should confirm that a kitten's parents were tested.
  3. Birthing difficulties. Females may have uterine inertia and sometimes need a caesarean section, although they are considered good mothers.
  4. Small litters. Two or three kittens is usual, which is one reason kittens can be hard to find.

The GCCF gives a lifespan of about 9 to 15 years. Our longevity guide covers how to help your cat reach the upper end.

Is a Singapura right for you?

It suits people who are home often, want a gentle, interactive cat and have space for climbing. It may not suit a household that is empty all day or noisy and chaotic. Think about two cats if your schedule is busy, and introduce them carefully following our introduction guide.

Questions to ask a breeder

  • Were both parents tested for PK deficiency, and can I see the results?
  • Has the breeder used outcross lines, and what is the pedigree like?
  • How many kittens were in the litter, and are they vet-checked and vaccinated?
  • Can I meet the mother and see the home environment?

Quick checklist

  • Small, ticked, golden-ivory, full size at about two years.
  • Affectionate, quiet and curious, and needs company.
  • Provide climbing space and daily play.
  • Ask for PK deficiency test results.
  • Regular check-ups: see our yearly check-up guide.

Keep reading

Sources

Further reading

Reminder: Kittyslovers (The Best Kitty Corner) is an independent blog. Our authors are not veterinarians and this article has not been reviewed by a veterinary professional. Always consult a licensed veterinarian about your cat's health, diet, supplements and medication. Found an error? Let us know.